Ellipsograph.



M. CLARKE. ELLIPSOGRAPH.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 3. I917- Eatented. Apr. 30, 1918;

3 $HEETSSHEET 1- M a w T M. CLARKE.

ELLIPSOGRAPH.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 3!.1911.

Patented Apr. 30, 191 8.

SSHEETS-SHEET 2.

lVl. CLARKE.

ELLIPSOGRAPH.

AEPUCATION FILED JULY 31.19M-

Patented Apr. 30, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

V MATTHEW gi t-BEE; .-WILKES-BARRE, PENNSYLVANIA;

team:

To allwhom it mag concern:

it wkIlQWll that l", MATTHEW CLARIcn, a citizen otthe United States, residing at Vllilkes-Barrefln the county ofLuzerne and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful I nproyementsin Ellipsographs, of which the following is a specification. n n n n u My invention, relates to new and useful improvements in drafting instruments and moreparticularly to instruments of the type known .as ellipsographsthe primary object of my inventionloeing' the proyision of an instrument by means of which ellipses may he quickly and correctly drawn.

Although mygdrafting instrument is h ri- .marily intended ,for, drawing ellipses, a turther object of my inaislltionresides in so constructing it that. it may be employed in drawing ova-ls, circles, semi-circles quartercircles, and alsoystraight lines.

Another oh ect which Ihave 111 view s the and provision of an instrument of this character which, may be employed with equal facility for cinscribing the variousrfigures either upon a horizontal .01? a vertical surface.

. Another object. which I have in jview is the construction of the device .in "such a mannerthatit may heifolded into relatively compact spacewhen not in use.

With these and other vologects in View my invention will be more fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and then spec1fically pointed out lnthe claims applications In the drawings: .Figure 11:; a perspective vlewof whichare atta'chedandform a part of this my improved drawing instrument showing the methodof employing it in drawing ellipses. Fig.2 1s aplanvlew of the mechan sm showing the posit on of the parts when the drawing of an ellipse is to bestarted. Fig. 3 1s a plan vlew', parts helng hroken away, showing. the employment of the device for drawingsemicircles.

FigQlis a plan view:illustratinghow a portion oi the device may be separately employed for inscrlbmg ,c1rcles I or arcs 01":

circles.

' Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on thedine 5-5 of Fig fi lookingin the directionofthe arrows.

Fig. 6 is a sectiontaken onthe line6+6 nnilrrsosnnrrr;

Specification of Letters Patent. P tented Apr. so, 191.. n n an nffi ea iJ'ulyBl, 1915/. s r no. 183 698. l

ofliig. ,2 looking in the, direction of the ar rows.

. F ig. 9 is an unassemloled perspective v ew of the marker holder.

Figxflllis a view illustrating various ures which may be readily drawn with my drafting instrument Oorrespondmg and l ke parts are referred to in the following descriptionand the same reference characters. Broadly speaking, ,nqy drafting instruindicated in all the views the drawings ment includes mutually adjustable bars or slidewaysdl and 12; and marker carrying arm d3 having sliding and swinging ,engagement with the slide-Ways but detachable therefromL device may he formed largely oi wood hut is preferably" formed of metal of suitalole quality and weight. The slideway 11 is inthe .iorm of arectangular strip of metal having its ends hent downwardly atright angles to the body to form supporting legs lil terminating in outwardly or laterally directed supporting feet 15, the under surfaces of which maybe proyided with non-slipping cushions 16 of felt or rubber, if desired. The strip acent its supporting legs is preferablypointed or tapered, asshown, .for a reason which will he later apparent, and the strip throughout its entire length from one supportingjfoot to the other 1s.pr.ovided wlth .a medialflongitudinal guide slot 17;

The slideway 12 includesa rectangular strip of metal or other suitable material provided along one side with an upstanding longitudinal,tlangdlh and at its ends with nnifor nly engage against a .planesurface such as a drawing board. A slot'i22 is formed atthe junctureof the flange 18:.and b dy. o t es idewarm et ed 'i e e e 'w erably the slideway 12 is considerably longer than the slideway 11.

A clamp 23 is adjustably and slidably mounted upon the slideway 11 and includes 'a body portion 24 engaging against the under face of the slideway and upwardly and inwardly directed retaining flanges 25 engaging against the side edges and over the upper face of the slideway with their free edges disposed in parallel spaced relation to each other, as clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings. The intermediate portion of the slideway 12 at its side edge opposite the flange 18 is provided with a laterally directed tongue 26 adapted, when the slideway 12 is disposed across the slideway 11 and at right angles thereto, to seat snugly between the ends of the flanges 25, and a clamping screw 27 having a milled head for convenience of adjustment, is passed through an opening formed in this tongue and threaded into and through an opening formed in the body portion 2 1 of the clamp 23. By this means the slideway 12 may be constantly held at right angles to the slideway 11 with its intermediate portion over such slideway and may be adjusted from end to end of the slideway 11 as desired.' A bracing arm 28 in the form of a tongue extended from the intermediate portion of the upper edge of the flange 18 has its end bent downwardly and riveted orotherwise secured, asshown at 29, to the tongue 26 to brace the flange portion 18 with respect to the body of the slideway 12. Furthermore, the tongue 26 is formed of such length that byloosening the clamping screw 27 to permit raising of the tongue between the flanges 25 the slideway 18 may be swung to extend parallel to the slideway 11 and tilted somewhat to bring the free end of the tongue 26 into snug engagement against one of the flanges 25 when the screw 27 may be again tightened to hold the parts together. Because of this these two parts maybe lockedin a position to occupy but little space when the instrument is not in use.

Cooperating with the slideway 12 is carriage or slide 30 including a rectangular body extending at right angles to the slideway and disposed. for sliding movement within the slot 22 thereof. This body at each side is provided with lateral extensions 31 formed at their ends with upwardly directed tongues '32 which engage against opposite faces of the flange 18 to hold the slide or carriage in the slot, against any swinging or tilting movement and'to at the same time leave it free for sliding movement along the'slot. That end of the slide or carriage 30 not resting upon thebody of the arm.

the slideway is formed with an upwardly extending curved hook 33 the bill of which is directed back toward the flange 18, as best shown in Fig. 7 of the drawings. Pivoted to the flange 18 is a hasp or latch 31 having in its lower edge a notch 35 capable of seating over one of the tongues 32 of the carriage 30 when the latch is in active position, so that the carriage may be locked to the slideway 12 near the intermediate portion of such slideway when circles are to be described. This latch has a laterally directed finger piece 36 by means of which it may be shifted. When the latch is inactive, the finger piece will rest upon the upper edge of the flange 18, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, to support the latch out of the path of the slide 30.

The above described structure constitutes the main body or frame work of my drawing instrument and cotiperating with it is the swinging arm 13 in the form of a rectangular strip of sheet metal or other suitable material provided adjacent one end and centrally of its width with an opening 37 by, means of which it may be swingingly connected with the hook 33. This arm has its ends mounted as shown and is provided throughout its length and centrally of its width with a longitudinal slot 38. The arm at one side of the slot is marked or graduated with scale divisions, in inches or other suitable standards of length, as indicated at 39, the zero of this scale being coincident with the center of the pivot opening 37 of A sliding clamp 10 identical in construction with the clamp 23 with the exception that one of its flanges is cut away centrally of its length as shown at 4:1, to provide an indicating linger for cooperation with the scale, is mounted upon the arm 13. The clamping screw 4-2 cooperating with this clamp has an annular shoulder 43 for engagement with the upper face ofthe arm J3, a smooth intermediate shank section it ting snugly within the slot 38, and a pointed or pronged terminal 141-, the smooth shank section being also proportioned to fit snugly within the slot 17 of the slideway 11. As

will be readily apparent by reference to clamp 16 identical in construction with the sliding clamps 23 and 41-0, with the exception that that flange overlymg the scaled portion j'thesearm's is proportioned to lie praetically axis ofthe'pivot openingB? of the arm lie fin a common plane parallel to the flange 1.8. If then,'thep'enc1l is grasped andthefarm 1s male 'otfthe amt s a viaeaa th a gea ar the pivotedencl 6f the arm withalaterally directed indicating fin'g er or extension 517.

Asupportijngbracket 4c8hasat its lower end (a laterally directed foot 49 proportioned to fit snugly btWe'en "the 'ii' neredges oi the iiangesj of the clamp 46 and to rest uponthe "iippenta'ce or the arm 13, and aplamp'ing screw 50 is passed through this foot and "threaded through the iiitermediate portion of the body of the clamp 16. The r pper end of the bracket 48 is formed with a lateral "pencil supporting extension 51 which ex- "jtends in parallel spaced relat on a'b'ovethe arm 13 with its free end directed toward the "pivoted end of such arm and with its inner iacein vertical"alinement with that side of the slot 38 remotefrorn the scale 39. This extension is formed intermediate its length with 'a'vertically disposed penoilreceiving seat 52 and at either side of the seativith openings 53 toredeive the arms of allshaped clamping bolt 54L,' the intermediate portion of which adapted to, engage ab'ont a pencil 5e11gaged in the' seat. ,Oneot' wholly Within the eXtension 51 While "the otherfwhich is longer, is threaded to receive a claniping nut 56, by means of which the pencil may be clamped in place so that it willproject through the slot 38 with its lower pointedencl in position to'rest upon a sheet ofsp aper or'other surface to be inscribed'when the shdeWays rest againstsuoh surface. i v -As prevlously' polnted out," the above doscribed instrumentis primarily intended-for use in drawing or inscribing ellipses and in F igs. 1Q a1id 2 of thedrawings lhaveillustrated theinanneriofemployingit for this swung fIOll'l its initial position, in the direction ofthe arrows shownin Fig. '1, the slide willmove along'the slot 220i the slide- Way 12 toyvard the intermediateportion of such-slideway While the screw 12 Will slide along the slot 17 away fron'rthe slideway 12 slideway 1,'When further movement of the pencilwill cause continued movement of the slide- 30 inthe same direction but reverse movement ofthe screw 42 along the slot 17 until the arm again engages against the "flange '18 but at the opposite side of the lslidewayll. Thismovement ofthe pencil will have inscribed a semi-ellipse l the in aj or a'Xisof Which is in" alinenient with the slot svvings, so thatthe major axis of the ellipse Wlll be e ghteen inches. The screw 4-2 which 1"? of slidewvay then rei ersing the position 'ofithe instrument and bringing the pencil to 5 original; position with its point at oneiend of the semi-ellipse; the pencil may be again swung in the saineiinanner cone plete the ell pse. a Byproper relat clamp 4Q and pencil holder ellipses having ma]or and minor axes of 'anyf'clesired length "Within "therange of the instrument may be drawn. Furthermore; the length of the majoraxis ofthe ellipse Withrespeet to 'l'helength ofthe minor afilsxthereotmaybe 1 anrlQ of 'fillGClI'tLWlllLSftllG instrument is set With: the pencil attheligure ninein the division" o'f'the scale, thatuis at nine inches from thehook 37 about which the arm 13 controls the" length of the minor axis of the ellrpseisset atthe three and a {'halt ineh five and a half inches" from the pencil so that obviously the minor axis of the ellipse will 'befele en inches. "The manner ofa'd'justii g these parts to get ell pses of various sizes and proportions W111 bereadily apparent from this single example. For instance. in :Fig. 10 I have illustratedellipses a, b an'dc of various'sizes and proportions such as may be .draWn"With my instrument; the sliding clamp 25 connecting the "slide. Ways l1 and 12 should be adjusted lohgitw dinally oi the slide ay 11 in such a manner that irrespective of {the relative settings of the pencil and guide screw 42, thei fgni cle screw l2 may always remain in thefslot 17 and the pencil may always ,be free to pass about fthe-end of the slide \vay'll. "Imother ords it relatively smaller ellipses-gareto be drawn, theisli'cleway 12 will be clan ped to the slide Way 11 with its flange 18 relatively, close tothe ad acent end of the slide wayxll.

Rounding of the ends of the Slidedflty l1 .i' ailita't'es the passage of the pencil aboht it when the pencil is located very nlose to the guide" screw-42. y

@byiously, the above describedinstrument may be employed! for drawing semi-circles bylockingthe slide or carriage'30 by means of thehasp '84, freeing the giiide screw 12 fromwthe slot 17, eitherby eompletely re-i moyingit or by moving it anditsclampto a remote portion oflthe scale; and bythen starting With the arm againstthe flangef1'8, swingingthe pencil about"the hook 37 asia pivot {nntilthe arm again engages the flange. Obiviously, an exact half 'c ircle Will thus be 1- insoribed antl no protractors or em-anamiments are necessary to measure thearopf "such circle. Obviously-also, quarter .cirles may'be readily drawnby so adjustinglitheltwo slide Waysthat movement of the pencil varied -at Will by suitable adjustment flof these parts. For instance, shown infligs.

division of the] scale or, in otherwords,

Obviously,

in the same manner as set forth in drawing axis of the semi-ellipse to produce an oval,

as shown at d in Fig. 10, this figure also illustrating a semi-circle at e, a circle at f, and a crescent at 9, all of which may be drawn by proper manipulation of the instrument. Although a circle may be drawn by inscribing ahalf-circle, reversing the instrument and inscribing the supplemental half of'the circle, the preferred way of employing the instrument for this purpose is by freeing the arm 13 from the hook, removing the clamping screw 42, sliding the clamp 40 to bring its threaded opening in alinement with the opening. 37 of the arm 13, replacing the clamping screw, adjusting the pencil along the arm 13 to the point of the scale in the desired radius of the circle, placing the point of the clamping screw 42 against the surface upon which the circle is to bejdrawn, and then swinging the pencil about the screw as a center. 'Absolute accuracy in the'size of the circle is obtained by this method as the scale is calibrated from the center of the opening 36 and the pencil is set by the scale.

Obviously, the pencil may be replaced by a suitable pen, a slate pencil, a crayon, or by a pointed metallic marker,'as desired,

, according to the type of work to be done or the surface to be inscribed. Because of this and because of the possibilities of vary ing the construction and size of the various clamps and slides and the size and proportions of the parts, it will, of course, be apparent that the invention is not restricted to the specific details of construction illustrated and described but changes may, be made within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, it-will be clear that byremoving the arm 13 from the supporting frame and by removing the pencil holder and clamp 40 from the arm, this arm may be employed as'a rule or straight edge.

i Again, with the slide ways clamped in the position shown in'Figs. l and 2, and the arm removed, these sl1de ways may be used as a try-square; When the instrument is not in use the slide ways may be clamped in parallel relation to each other, the clamp 23 being so adjustedupon the slide way 11 that the ends of the latter slide way will the swinging arm may be unhooked and not project beyond those of the other and disposed parallel to the slide ways. Under thesecircumstances the device will occupy but little space for storage or shipment. The

arm may be made in any desired length but the slide way 11 should vary in length to correspond thereto, being preferably several inches longer than one-half the length of the arm in order to give proper range to the instrument.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. A drawing instrument including supporting members each adjustable longitudinally of the other, means for securing said members together, marker arm having a slidable and pivotal engagement at one end with one supporting member and having slidable engagement intermediate its ends with the other supporting member, and a marker carried by the tree portion of said arm.

2. A drawing instrument comprising a support, a marker arm for pivotal. and slid able connection with the support, a bracket carried by said arm and adjustable longitudinally of the same, said bracket having an overhanging arm disposed longitudinally of the marker arm and provided with a seat in its side, and a marker adjustably secured in said seat.

3. A drawing instrument including supporting members formed with longitudinal slots, means for adjustably clamping one supporting member across the other to extend at right angles thereto, an arm, a marker holder adjustable longitudinally of the arm, means carried by the arm and having sliding engagement in one of the slots, and means pivoted to one end of the arm and having sliding engagement with the other slot.

4. A drawing instrument including supporting members formed with longitudinal slots, means for adjustably clamping one supporting member across the other to extend at right angles thereto, an arm, a marker holder adjustable longitudinally of the arm, means carried by the arm and having sliding engagement in one of the slots, and means pivoted to one end of the arm and having sliding engagement with the other slot, the first mentioned means being adj ustable longitudinally of the arm.

5. A drawing instrument including supporting members formed with longitudinal slots, means for adjustably clamping one supporting member across the other to extend at right angles thereto, an arm, a marker holder adjustable longitudinally of the arm, means carried by the arm and having sliding engagement in one of the slots, means pivoted to one end of the arm and having sliding engagement with the other slot, the first mentioned means being adjustable longitudinally of the arm, and means for locking the last mentioned means against movement in its slot.

6. A drawing instrument including supporting members. provided at their ends with depending feet whereby one member may be supported across and in engagement with the other member and the other member supported above a surface to be drawn upon, means carried by one of the members for adjustably securing the members together and at right angles to each other, one

of the members bemg formed with a longr tudinal slot, a longitudinal slotted flange projecting upwardly from the other member, a slide movable in the latter slot, a scaled longitudinallyslotted arm pivoted-at one end of the slide, a slide adjustably clamped to the arm and having a portion adapted to project through the slide of the unflanged member, and a marker holder adjustable along the arm and adapted to be clamped thereto.

7. A drawing instrument including a longitudinally slotted supporting member havtopics of thiepatent may be obtained for upon the arm.

with flanges opposed to each other and spaced at either side of the slot, a second supporting member provided intermediate its length with a laterally directed tongue adapted to fit snugly between the flanges, a 1

clamping screw passed through the tongue and slot and threaded into the clamping member toadjustably clamp the supporting members at right angles to each other, the

second supporting member having depending feet, an upwardly directed longitudinally slotted flange carried by the second supporting member, an arm having swing-v ing and sliding engagement with thesecond supporting member, means having slidable engagement with the first supporting member adjustably mounted upon the arm, and means for supporting a marker element my signature.

MATTHEW CLARKE; [LS] Intestimony whereof I affix five cents each, by addressing the Uommtssioner of Watenta, Washington, JD. 0. e 1 

